Since it is a large and general topic, there are countless examples of what others have to say about the issue and why, for example, one article that discusses that is “The Ongoing Challenge to Define Free Speech” by Stephen J. Wermiel. Within the article, the author discusses why free speech is and how there is nothing that can be considered hate speech in terms of the law by stating “Hateful speech that threatens or incites lawlessness or that contributes to motive for a criminal act may, in some instances, be punished as part of a hate crime, but not simply as offensive speech.”, this means that while hate crime is a crime and can be punished depending on what the actions are, hate speech is something that in a way is protected until a certain point.

The Ongoing Challenge to Define Free Speech
by Stephen J. Wermiel
https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/the-ongoing-challenge-to-define-free-speech/the-ongoing-challenge-to-define-free-speech/